Idalwe ngo: 2020-11-30 01:33
[I-China ye-Environmental Sewage Treatment] Ngokweengxelo zeendaba ezigunyazisiweyo, "iMithetho Elishumi Yamanzi" yamkelwe liBhunga leSizwe kwaye iya kukhutshwa kwaye iphunyezwe emva kokuba ihlaziywe kwaye iphuculwe.U-Liu Zhiquan, usekela mlawuli weSebe lezenzululwazi kunye nemigangatho yetekhnoloji phantsi koMphathiswa woKhuseleko lweNdawo, ubonise ukuba "iMilinganiselo yaManzi alishumi" iya kuphumeza eyona ndlela ingqongqo yokukhuselwa komthombo kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela indalo, kubandakanywa nolawulo olubanzi lokukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo, ukukhuthaza inguqu kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela. ukuphuculwa kobume boqoqosho, kunye nokudlala indima epheleleyo kwindima yorhwebo.
Ukususela kwi-2015, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kuye kwaba ngumxholo oshushu kwi-stock market A.Ngokukodwa ukususela ngo-Matshi, ingcamango yokukhusela indalo iqhubekile inyuka, ikhokelela kwiimarike ezimbini ngamaxesha amaninzi.Ngomhla we-2 ku-Epreli, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhusela ingcamango yesitokhwe yendalo iqhubekile ukomeleza, njengoko ivaliwe, i-avareji yeplate yenyuka phantse i-5%.
Emva kwengcinga ekhulayo yokhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo kukukhutshwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwemigaqo-nkqubo encomekayo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ukususela kwiiseshini ezimbini kulo nyaka.Ngokutsho koMphathiswa woKhuseleko lweNdalo (MEP), "iSicwangciso se-10 saManzi" siya kwaziswa kungekudala kwaye siya kubandakanya utyalo-mali lwe-2 trillion yuan.Ishishini likholelwa ukuba ishishini lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo njengoshishino olusahlumayo olucwangcisiweyo e-China, amathuba alo ophuhliso lwexesha elizayo abanzi kakhulu, anethemba lexesha elide malunga namathuba otyalo-mali kushishino lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
U-Wu Wenqing, umntu ophezulu kwishishini, ubonise ukuba i-2015 ngunyaka wokuqala wokuphunyezwa koMthetho omtsha woKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye nomnyaka wokugqibela we-12 yeSicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu.Njengoko izalathisi ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo ziye zaqulunqwa kwaye zabhengezwa, kunokuqikelelwa ukuba utyalo-mali ekukhuselweni kwendalo luya kwanda, kwaye kulo nyaka ishishini lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo liya kuzisa ixesha loqhushumbo.
Ungcoliseko lwamanzi alunakungahoywa
Xa kuthelekiswa ne "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan", "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan", "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan" nayo ichukumisa iintliziyo zawo onke amacandelo oluntu.
Ngexesha leeseshoni ze-NPC kunye ne-CPPCC zakutsha nje, isicwangciso sokusebenza sokuthintela nokulawula ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, esitsale ingqwalasela enkulu kuwo onke amacandelo oluntu, sapapashwa kwingxelo karhulumente okokuqala.Ingxelo ibiza ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso sokusebenza sokuthintela nokulawula ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukomeleza ulawulo lokungcoliseka kwamanzi emilanjeni, kumachibi naselwandle, imithombo yamanzi kunye nemithombo yezolimo engekho ndawo, kunye nokusebenzisa ulongamelo kuyo yonke inkqubo ukusuka kwimithombo yamanzi ukuya kwiimpompo zamanzi.
Into engenakuhoywa kukuba imeko yangoku yokukhusela indalo e-China isebuhlungu, kwaye ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kuyothusa.
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani zoMphathiswa woLawulo, iziganeko zongcoliseko lwamanzi beziphezulu e-China kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, kukho iingozi ezingaphezu kwe-1,700 eziye zenzeka minyaka le kwiminyaka yakutshanje.Malunga ne-140 lezigidi zabantu kwizixeko nakwiidolophu zelizwe lonke bachatshazelwa yimithombo yamanzi okusela angakhuselekanga.Ngokutsho kwedatha esandul’ ukukhutshwa liSebe leMithombo yaManzi, i-11 ekhulwini lemithombo yamanzi yaseTshayina, malunga nama-70 ekhulwini emithombo yalo yamanzi echibini yaye malunga nama-60 ekhulwini amanzi aphantsi komhlaba angaphantsi komgangatho.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngeengxelo ezihlala rhoqo "zompompoza onzulu", "ukukhutshwa kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba" kunye nezinye iingxaki, indawo engqongileyo yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba iye yavusa inkxalabo enkulu.Emehlweni eengcali ezininzi, ungcoliseko lwamanzi kunye nomhlaba luyinkxalabo ngakumbi kunokungcola komoya, esele ifumene ingqalelo eyaneleyo, ngokubhekiselele kwingozi yayo yexesha elide kunye nobunzima bokujongana nayo.
Ngexesha leeseshoni ze-NPC kunye ne-CPPCC ze-2015, ungcoliseko lwamanzi luye lwaba yingqwalasela yamasekela e-NPC kunye namalungu e-CPPCC.I-All-China Federation yoShishino kunye noRhwebo ingenise ngokukodwa iSindululo sokuThatha aManyathelo aMandla oNyango oluNgqongileyo lweLindle kunye nokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo uMnyama kunye neNvumba kwiMilambo kunye namaChibi, kunye nokubeka phambili iingcebiso malunga nokugqibelela inkqubo yolawulo lwezenzululwazi.
Cwangcisa "iiProjekthi zaManzi ezilishumi" kwaPhambili
Ngelo xesha, iindaba zoluntu ezivela kwiNkomfa yeSizwe yokuHlola iNdawo kunye neNkomfa yoMsebenzi kaRhulumente ococekileyo zathi kwi-2015, uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lweNdalo uya kulungelelanisa inethiwekhi yokubeka iliso kumhlaba wamanzi aphezu komhlaba, ukwandisa amacandelo olawulo lwelizwe kunye namanqaku, ukulungelelanisa. kumalungiselelo "eshumi lamanzi" ovavanyo lomgangatho wamanzi neemfuno zovavanyo.Iziphumo zokubeka iliso zibonisa ukuba amanzi angaphezulu komhlaba aye angcoliseka kancinci ngo-2014, ngokutsho koMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo.
UMphathiswa woKhuseleko lweNdalo (MEP) uthe isiCwangciso saManzi siza kukhutshwa kwaye similiselwe kulo nyaka.Ngokuhambelana nokuphunyezwa koMgaqo-nkqubo waManzi, uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo uya kuphucula ukubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo kwamanzi kunye nomthamo wokulumkisa kwangethuba, abambe ithuba lomthetho omtsha wokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphunyezwa koMgaqo-nkqubo waManzi, kunye nokukhuthaza ngokusebenzayo Ucwangciso olumanyeneyo kunye noyilo lothungelwano lokuhlola ubulunga bokusingqongileyo kwamanzi.
Ngokwedatha yoluntu, ngo-2014, uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo wenza uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lomgangatho wamanzi kwi-338 ye-prefecture-level nangaphezulu kwezixeko kunye ne-2,856 yeedolophu ezikumgangatho welizwe lonke, elawula ngokupheleleyo imeko yomgangatho wamanzi kunye nokutshintsha kweendlela ezidolophini nasezilalini. imithombo yamanzi okusela esembindini.
Idityaniswe nenqaku le-10 elithi "amanzi", ukuphunyezwa kweemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukuqhubeka kumgangatho osezantsi ngaphezu kwezixeko zaseChina, idolophu yedolophu yabo bonke abahlala kunye nomthombo ophakathi wokujongwa kwamanzi okusela, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe bakhuthaze umgangatho welokishi. ukujongwa komgangatho wamanzi okusela amanzi okusela, ukuqondwa ngokubanzi ubulunga bamanzi okusela ezidolophini nasezilalini, ukubeka esweni ulwazi olukhutshwa kwangethuba, ukuqinisekisa amanzi okusela akhuselekileyo ebantwini.
Ukongeza, amaphondo angama-31, imimandla ezimeleyo kunye noomasipala baye bamisela amaqonga amashishini ukuba akhuphe ulwazi kwiziphumo zabo zokubeka iliso, kwaye uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo waqala ukunika ingxelo ngeziphumo zokuhlolwa ngoJulayi 2014. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-2014 yokukhutshwa okupheleleyo. Inkqubo yokuhlola ukucutha ibonise ukuba umyinge wama-91.4 epesenti yolwazi lokuzijonga kwamashishini lukhutshiwe ngokomndilili kwilizwe liphela, kwaye zonke iingingqi ziye zahlangabezana neepesenti ezingama-80 zeemfuno zovavanyo.Ngokuhambelana namalungiselelo afanelekileyo omthetho omtsha wokukhuselwa kwendalo, uMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo (MEP) ufuna ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya babongoze amashishini abalulekileyo ukuba enze ezabo iliso ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo kwaye enze uluntu lube nolwazi lwabo lokuhlola.
Umthendeleko wemarike yolawulo lwamanzi uya kuqalisa
"Ukuphelisa iindidi ezintlanu zamanzi ezinomgangatho ophantsi ngo-2017, kwaye ugcine amanzi amnyama kunye nevumba kwiindawo ezisezidolophini ngaphantsi kweepesenti ze-10 ngo-2020."Ezona ndawo ziphambili kukucocwa kogutyulo, ukhuseleko lwamanzi okusela, amanzi amnyama nanukayo, ukungcoliseka kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso kunye nongcoliseko lwezolimo olungenandawo, uLiu Zhiquan, usekela mlawuli weSebe leMigangatho yezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji yeSebe lezoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo, uthe xa esazisa iinjongo.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukucocwa kogutyulo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nomasipala kukuphumeza imigangatho ephezulu yokukhutshelwa, "imigangatho yokucoca inkunkuma yedolophu yasezidolophini imigangatho yokukhupha amanzi amdaka" (GB18918-2002) iya kuphuculwa iyonke, iya kuba yimilambo emithathu, amachibi amathathu kunye neminye imijelo engundoqo. iindawo zokuphuhlisa imida ekhethekileyo yokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo.U-Liu Zhiquan ukholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, indawo entsha yemarike iya kugxila ikakhulu kwiingingqi kunye needolophana, kwaye imarike yokucoca ugutyulo lwasezidolophini iya kugxininisa ekuphuculweni kwebhidi (ukuphuculwa kwebhidi kusanda kugqiba malunga ne-30%, kwaye ibakala B lokuqala liya kuphuculwa ukuya kwibakala lokuqala A).
Ngokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokukhutshelwa okungcolisekileyo kunye nemigangatho yobulunga bokusingqongileyo, ishishini lokusingqongileyo lwamanzi, eliqhutywa kwaye likhokelwa yimigaqo-nkqubo, linyanzelekile ukuba lingenise "ixesha legolide".Kulo mba, uLiu Zhiquan waqikelela ukuba ukususela ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020, izinga lokukhula kwemveliso yamanzi kunye nezixhobo zokusingqongileyo ziya kufikelela malunga ne-15% -20%, kwaye izinga lokukhula koshishino lwenkonzo yokusingqongileyo yamanzi luya kufikelela malunga ne-30% -40%.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngokolwazi oluchazwe ngaphambili nguMphathiswa woKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo, kulindeleke ukuba iProjekthi yaManzi iza kuzisa isikali sotyalo-mali lwe-2 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni, ngaphezulu kwe-1.7 yetriliyoni yeyuan emoyeni.Ngokombono weengcali zoshishino, utyalo-mali lwe-2 yeetriliyoni ze-yuan yinxalenye ethile yomsebenzi ngexesha elithile kwaye luya kuqhubeka lukhula kwixesha elizayo.
UFu Tao, ongumalathisi weZiko loPhando loMgaqo-nkqubo waManzi kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua, wathi iSicwangciso Seshumi Samanzi singqale ngakumbi.Ngaphambili, amanye amaxwebhu ocwangciso ibingawomsebenzi wolwakhiwo, ngelixa i-Water Ten Plan iluxwebhu olusekelwe kwiziphumo."Ukuqaliswa kwamanzi alishumi, kwimarike yamanzi ngokuqinisekileyo kulungile."
, Liu Zhiquan wabonisa, ngakumbi ukuphucula inkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo kushishino lokucoca amanzi, indlela yophuhliso lweshishini elizayo ukucocwa kwelindle ngokuyimfuneko indlela yokusebenza yokuthengisa amashishini, kucingelwa ngurhulumente kwixesha elidlulileyo utshintsho oluthile kwishishini ngokutsho kwimarike. imodeli yezoqoqosho ukuhlawulisa, ishishini ngokwendlela yokusebenza yemarike yokulawula iplanti yokucoca ugutyulo.Ngokumalunga nokuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo ekhethiweyo yoshishino lokucoca ugutyulo, kubandakanywa: imigaqo-nkqubo ekhethwayo kwiintlawulo zombane, ukuphuculwa kweentlawulo zokucoca ugutyulo, amaxabiso akhethekileyo kumanzi asetyenziswe ngokutsha, njl.
Ngawaphi amacandelo iinkampani ezinethemba ngawo?
Kuyaqondwa ukuba i-China iya kugxila ekwenziweni kwendlela yotyalo-mali eyahluka-hlukeneyo kwixesha elizayo ukutsala inkunzi yoluntu ukuba ityale imali ekukhuselweni kwendalo.Indlela yokwenza umdlalo kwindlela yemarike, ukudibanisa umdlandla wamashishini, ukuze amashishini amanzi akwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni, ukuze kuphunyezwe isiphumo solawulo.
Ukujonga oku, uLi Li, usekela mongameli weBeijing Water Holding Co., Ltd., ukholelwa ukuba eyona ngxaki isisiseko kwishishini lamanzi kwixesha elidlulileyo kukuba iimfuno zolawulo lokusingqongileyo zihlala zingumthwalo weendleko kumashishini angasentla, kwaye iyakwenza oko. kunzima kubo ukuba babe yinzuzo kubamkeli beenkonzo zokusingqongileyo.Ke ngoko, la mashishini awanamdla wokuthenga iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni zokusingqongileyo."Ngoku oko kutshintshile, kukho umnqweno onamandla wokuthenga iinkonzo zokusingqongileyo. Ishishini likwi-'gale '. "Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ezinye iinkampani zokusingqongileyo zinokuphila ngokukhohlisa abathengi babo.Ngoku, njengoko iimfuno zabathengi zitshintsha, iinkampani zamanzi ziba ngababoneleli abanenzuzo ngakumbi kwiinkampani ezinyukayo. "
Kwangelo xesha, uLi Li uthe kwixesha elizayo, amashishini akholelwa ukuba ukucocwa kogutyulo lwaselokishini, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso, inwebu yamanzi, amanzi aphesheya kolwandle, kubandakanywa nokucocwa komlambo wangaphakathi, ulawulo lokusingqongileyo lwamanzi njengokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yamanzi, ebandakanya uthungelwano lwemibhobho kunye igalari yemibhobho ebanzi kunye nolunye ushishino lwezandyondyo namanzi luya kuba yingqwalasela yamashishini.
Ekuphenduleni utshintsho kwishishini lamanzi, u-Wang Di, umphathi jikelele we-China Environmental Water, wathi iinkampani kufuneka zibuyisele amanzi kubume bemithombo, kunokuba zibeke njengeenkampani zokucoca amanzi.Ngaloo ndlela, umxholo woshishino lwamanzi uya kwandiswa."Ukonga amanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kunye nokulahlwa kodaka zonke zizikhokelo zophuhliso ezibalulekileyo kumashishini kwixesha elizayo."
Ukongeza, ukuphuculwa kweendawo zokucoca amanzi amdaka, ukukhuselwa kwemithombo yamanzi kunye nokucocwa kwemithombo yongcoliseko kuya kubonelela ngamathuba ophuhliso kolu shishino.UGuo Peng, usekela-manejala jikelele weBeijing Capital, uthe iinkampani ziya kuba nemida yenzuzo enkulu ukuba zinokubonelela ngezisombululo ezilula, ezisebenzayo nezineendleko eziphantsi zokuphucula kwixesha elizayo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka zingakwazi ukufikelela kwiimarike ngokunciphisa unyawo, zisebenzisa itekhnoloji ekhulileyo kunye nesebenzayo, kunye nokulawula iindleko ezihambelanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba ishishini linokwenza umsebenzi omhle kumthombo wamanzi amdaka. ingqokelela, ulawulo lweendleko kunye nonyango, nazo zinokufumana inzuzo enkulu."
(Umthombo: I-Legal Daily, i-West China Metropolis Daily, iNkomfa yeNgqungquthela yezoPolitiko yaBantu baseTshayina, i-National Business Daily, i-China Environment News)
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-30-2022